Capital of Australia: Canberra
Australia, known as the "Down Under," lies in the Southern Hemisphere. 7,617,930 square kilometers is the area of Australia which enjoys lots of picturesque places resulting in different climates. As of 2024, about 26.5 million people live in Australia, mostly in cities along the eastern coast.
Its huge area makes it be the world’s sixth largest country, of which Sydney is the largest city, of course. Australia shares its northwest border with Indonesia, separated by the Arafura and Timor seas. The Tasman Sea extends from New Zealand to the southeast, while the Great Barrier Reef divides the Coral Sea Islands region. Additionally, the Coral Sea and Torres Strait separate Australia from Papua New Guinea in the northeast.
It has lots of diversities from deserts in the center, rainforests in the northeast to ranges of mountains in the south east. Tasmania and various smaller islands are part of the Australian continent, collectively forming the Commonwealth of Australia.
History of Australia
In the early 1600s, Dutch explorers called it New Holland, but indigenous Australians had lived there for nearly 65,000 years. European settlers explored large parts of the continent and eventually established five self-governing crown colonies. On January 1, 1901, these six colonies joined to form the Commonwealth of Australia.
By 1770, the eastern half of Australia was fully under British control. Australia declared its national day on January 26th, 1788. It marked the start of sending convicts to the New South Wales colony.
The Australian flag consists of the Union Jack, the Commonwealth Star, and the Southern Cross on a blue background. The Union Jack in the top left corner shows the British history, and below it is the white Commonwealth Star.
Economy of Australia
Australia, a developed country, derives income from various sources such as international education, telecom, mining exports, manufacturing, and banking. It boasts one of the world's highest per capita incomes, ranking thirteenth globally in economic power and expenditures. Australia has more immigrants, about 30%, than other countries with over 10 million people.
Australia is a member of the United Nations, G20, and Commonwealth of Nations. It excels in health, education, economic freedom, and civil liberties. Australia is safe for studying and traveling. It has a stable government, low crime, friendly people, and a nice lifestyle without dangers or fears.
Weather and Environment of Australia
Australia's environment is diverse, ranging from rainforests and industrial areas to icy territories, given its proximity to Antarctica. The country features the famous Mount Kosciuszko, standing at 2228 meters, along with other high mountains. In the central region lies a number of deserts, indicating a notably arid climate.
Australia's environment faces significant impact from mining and agriculture. Australia actively works to protect important places like the Great Barrier Reef, animals, and forests because of people's concerns.
Australia experiences diverse climates because of its vast size. Summers are wet and scorching, while winters are dry and relatively warm. In the south, it gets chilly with occasional rain, and summers are mildly cool.